Overview
What it is
Response to Intervention (RTI) and the broader MTSS (Multi-Tiered System of Supports) are frameworks schools use to help struggling students early, within general education, using increasing levels (tiers) of support matched to need. They are not special education — but they're often part of the path, and a lack of progress can prompt a special-education evaluation.
How It Works
How it works
- Tier 1 — for everyoneHigh-quality instruction for all students in the general classroom
- Tier 2 — targetedExtra small-group support for students who need more
- Tier 3 — intensiveIndividualized, intensive intervention for students who need the most
- Data-drivenSchools monitor progress and move students between tiers based on how they respond
- MTSS is broaderIt covers academics and behavior/social-emotional supports
Your Rights
Your rights & protections
Important: RTI/MTSS should never delay a special-education evaluation. If you suspect a disability, you can request an evaluation in writing at any time — the school can't require a child to move through all the tiers first. RTI data can, however, be useful evidence in an evaluation.
For Families
What families can do
- Ask where your child isWhich tier, and what support they're getting
- Ask to see the dataProgress-monitoring data shows how they're responding
- Request an evaluation if warrantedIn writing — RTI can't delay it
- Stay involvedUnderstand the plan and check on progress
FAQ
Frequently asked questions
- Is RTI/MTSS special education?No — it's general-education support, though it can lead to an evaluation.
- What are the tiers?Tier 1 (all students), Tier 2 (targeted), Tier 3 (intensive).
- Can RTI delay a special-ed evaluation?No — you can request an evaluation in writing at any time.
- What's the difference between RTI and MTSS?MTSS is broader, covering behavior and social-emotional supports too.
- How do schools decide tiers?Using progress-monitoring data.
At a Glance
Key facts
- WhatTiered support in general education
- TiersTier 1 (all) → 2 (targeted) → 3 (intensive)
- MTSSBroader — academics + behavior/SEL
- KeyCan't delay a special-education evaluation you request
Learn More
Where to learn more
Learn more: