Overview
What it is
Early intervention provides services to infants and toddlers (birth to age 3) who have developmental delays or disabilities — and support to their families. It's covered under IDEA Part C, is family-centered, and research shows that the earlier support starts, the bigger the impact. Services are guided by an IFSP.
How It Works
How it works
- Referral & evaluationAnyone (a parent, doctor, or provider) can refer a child; an evaluation checks development across areas
- IFSP (Individualized Family Service Plan)A family-centered plan of services and goals — focused on the child and supporting the family
- ServicesMay include speech, occupational, or physical therapy, developmental services, and family support — often in natural settings like home
- CostMany services are free; some may use a sliding scale or insurance depending on the state
The Process
The process, step by step
At age 3, children transition from early intervention (Part C) to preschool special education (Part B) if they remain eligible — moving from an IFSP to an IEP. The team plans this transition ahead of time so support continues smoothly.
For Families
What families can do
- Act earlyIf you have any concern about development, ask — you don't need a diagnosis to refer
- Contact your state's programEvery state has an early-intervention program
- Be part of the IFSPIt's built around your family's priorities
- Plan the age-3 transitionSo services continue into preschool
FAQ
Frequently asked questions
- Who is early intervention for?Infants and toddlers (birth to 3) with developmental delays or disabilities.
- What's an IFSP?An Individualized Family Service Plan — a family-centered plan of services.
- Does it cost money?Many services are free; some states use a sliding scale or insurance.
- How do I start?Contact your state's early-intervention program — anyone can refer.
- What happens at age 3?Children transition to preschool special education (an IEP) if still eligible.
At a Glance
Key facts
- ForInfants & toddlers (birth to 3)
- UnderIDEA Part C
- PlanIFSP (family-centered)
- At age 3Transition to preschool (an IEP under Part B)
- KeyEarlier support = bigger impact
Learn More
Where to learn more
Learn more and find your state's program: