What it is
Environmental science is the interdisciplinary study of the environment and how to protect it — combining biology, chemistry, geology, and policy to address pollution, climate, conservation, water, and sustainability.
What you'll study
Environmental science draws on multiple sciences:
- FoundationBiology, chemistry, geology, calculus/statistics
- CoreEcology, environmental chemistry, hydrology, climate, and environmental policy
- AppliedGIS, field methods, environmental assessment, and sustainability
- ExperienceFieldwork and often an internship
Concentrations & focus areas
- Conservation & EcologyEcosystems & wildlife
- Environmental Chemistry / PollutionContaminants
- Climate & AtmosphericClimate change
- Water ResourcesHydrology
- Environmental PolicyRegulation & management
- SustainabilityGreen practices
Skills you'll build
- Environmental analysisAssessing impact
- Field & lab methodsData collection
- Data & GISSpatial analysis
- Regulatory knowledgeEnvironmental law
- CommunicationReports and outreach
Careers & job titles
- Environmental scientist / specialistConsulting, government, industry
- Environmental consultantCompliance & assessment
- Conservation / sustainability rolesNonprofits & corporations
- Water / air quality specialistAgencies
- Policy / program analystGovernment
- ResearcherWith a graduate degree
Job outlook & demand
The BLS projects environmental scientists and specialists to grow about 6% (faster than average), driven by environmental regulation, climate concerns, and sustainability demand across government, consulting, and industry.
Pay: median, range & trajectory
Per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (May 2025), environmental scientists and specialists had a median of $82,220. Consulting and specialized roles pay more; a graduate degree aids research and advancement.
Degree levels it's offered at
Offered across these levels — click a level to learn about it:
A bachelor's supports many environmental roles; a master's helps for research, specialization, and advancement.
Is it right for you?
You might thrive here if you care about the environment and sustainability, enjoy science and fieldwork, and want applied, mission-driven work with solid demand.
Practical edge: pair environmental science with GIS, data, and regulatory knowledge — the combination is highly employable in consulting and government.
Explore further
Keep exploring:
Key facts
- StudiesThe environment and how to protect it
- InterdisciplinaryBiology + chemistry + geology + policy
- CareersEnvironmental scientist, consultant, sustainability, policy
- Outlook~6% growth (faster, BLS)
- Pay$82,220 median (BLS)
Where to learn more
Authoritative sources for careers and pay: