What it is
Electrical and electronics engineering designs systems that generate, transmit, and use electricity and electronic signals — from power grids and motors to microchips, communications, and control systems. It underpins virtually all modern technology.
What you'll study
All engineering builds a rigorous math-and-science core, then specializes:
- Year 1–2Calculus, differential equations, physics, chemistry, intro engineering
- Year 2–3Core engineering science and circuits, electronics, electromagnetics, and signals & systems
- Year 3–4Advanced discipline courses, labs, and a capstone design project
- ThroughoutDesign, teamwork, and often co-ops or internships (many programs ABET-accredited)
Concentrations & focus areas
- Electronics / MicroelectronicsChips & devices
- Power SystemsGrids & energy
- Signals / CommunicationsTelecom & DSP
- Control SystemsAutomation
- Embedded SystemsDevices
- SemiconductorsHardware
Skills you'll build
Engineers build a powerful, transferable skill set:
- Analytical problem-solvingBreaking down hard problems
- Math & modelingQuantitative rigor
- DesignCreating and testing solutions
- Technical softwareDiscipline-specific tools
- Teamwork & communicationProjects and clients
Careers & job titles
This discipline leads to roles such as:
- Electrical engineerDesign & systems (~$118,780)
- Electronics engineerDevices & circuits
- Power systems engineerEnergy & grids
- Communications / signals engineerTelecom
- Controls / embedded engineerAutomation
- Semiconductor / hardware engineerChips
Job outlook & demand
The BLS projects the architecture & engineering group to grow faster than average, with about 174,800 openings a year. Electrical engineering is projected to grow faster than average, with strong demand tied to semiconductors, energy, and electronics. Engineering skills are in demand across industry, technology, energy, healthcare, and infrastructure.
Pay: median, range & trajectory
Engineering pays well above average. Per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, electrical and electronics engineers had a median of $118,780 (2024) — versus the all-occupation median of about $50,980. New graduates typically start strong; earnings rise with experience, a graduate degree, and (in many fields) the Professional Engineer (PE) license. Senior engineers, specialists, and managers earn well into six figures.
Degree levels it's offered at
Offered across these levels — click a level to learn about it:
A bachelor's (BEng/BS) is the entry credential; a master's deepens specialization and a PhD leads research. The PE license matters in many fields.
Is it right for you?
You might thrive here if you enjoy math and science, like designing and building solutions, and want a well-paid, respected profession with strong job security.
Worth knowing: engineering is rigorous, and many roles benefit from the PE license (via the FE exam, experience, and the PE exam). Internships and co-ops strongly boost early careers.
Explore further
Keep exploring:
Key facts
- FocusElectricity, electronics & signals
- StudyCircuits, electronics, EM, signals, power, control
- ScopePower grids to microchips
- OutlookFaster than average (BLS)
- Pay$118,780 median (BLS)
Where to learn more
Authoritative sources for careers and pay: