Education in Mozambique
Mozambique, a large Southern African nation and former Portuguese colony, runs a Portuguese-language education system with local languages widely spoken (and used in some early-grade bilingual programs). The government has expanded access substantially since the end of civil war, though literacy remains relatively low and the system is under-resourced.
Structure & stages
The system is broadly organized as:
- Primary (7 years)Two phases (EP1, grades 1–5, and EP2, grades 6–7), ages ~6–12
- Lower secondary (3 years)
- Upper secondary (2 years)Leading to university
Compulsory education & enrolment
Primary education is the focus of compulsory schooling and intended to be free, beginning around age 6. Access has expanded, though completion and quality — especially in rural areas — remain challenges. The school year runs roughly January to November.
Public schools
Most children attend public schools, with instruction in Portuguese (and bilingual programs in local languages in some early grades). The system relies partly on international support and contends with teacher shortages; conflict in the north (Cabo Delgado) has disrupted schooling there.
Private & international schools
Mozambique has a private and religious school sector, concentrated in Maputo and larger cities.
Curriculum & language of instruction
Instruction is in Portuguese, with local-language bilingual approaches in some early grades, covering the standard academic subjects.
Exams & qualifications
Students sit national examinations at key stages, culminating in the qualifications required for university admission.
Higher education
Higher education centers on Eduardo Mondlane University in Maputo (the oldest and largest), along with the Pedagogical University and other institutions. Many students also study abroad, especially in Portugal and the region.
Studying in Mozambique from abroad
Mozambique is not a major destination for international students; capacity is limited.
- LanguagePortuguese is the language of higher education
- Mozambicans abroadMany study abroad, especially in Portugal, Brazil, and the region
- TravelCheck your government's advisory, as conditions vary by region
Special education & support
Special-education provision is very limited, delivered mainly through NGO and faith-based programs.
Homeschooling
Homeschooling is not an established route; education is school-based.
Costs & funding
Public primary education is, in principle, free, though families bear indirect costs. Private and religious schools charge fees. The currency is the Mozambican Metical (MZN).
Key facts for families
- LanguagePortuguese (local languages spoken)
- StructurePrimary (7) + lower secondary (3) + upper secondary (2)
- CompulsoryFree primary in principle
- Higher edEduardo Mondlane University
- School yearJanuary to November
Where to verify the details
This guide is a starting point, not the final authority. For current details: