What it is
The Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) is the highest academic degree, awarded for original research and a dissertation that contributes new knowledge. It exists across nearly every field and is the standard credential for academic and research careers.
The degrees & designations
How long it takes
Typically 4–7+ years (applied doctorates like the EdD/DBA can be ~3–4, often part-time): coursework, comprehensive exams, and an original dissertation.
What you study
Advanced coursework, comprehensive/qualifying exams, and an original dissertation defended before a committee, under a faculty advisor.
Getting in
Requires a bachelor's or master's, a strong record, research/goal fit, letters, and a statement; admission is competitive.
Cost & funding
Traditional research doctorates are often funded (assistantship + tuition waiver); applied doctorates are more often self-funded and part-time.
Where it leads
Leads to academic, research, and senior expert roles — faculty, scientists, and researchers.
How it compares
A research doctorate, distinct from a professional-practice doctorate (MD/JD/DDS) focused on licensed practice.
Is it right for you?
Fits those pursuing research, academia, or the deepest expertise in a field.
Explore further
This is a reference guide. Keep exploring:
Key facts
- WhatThe highest academic (research) degree
- HallmarkOriginal dissertation research + defense
- Length4–7+ years
- FieldsNearly every discipline
- Leads toAcademic and research careers
Where to learn more
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