K12academics · Free College Tools

How Much Can You Safely Borrow?

The smartest way to borrow for college is to start from your future salary, not the loan you're offered. A trusted rule of thumb: keep your total student debt below one year's expected income. See your safe limit below.

Start With Your Expected Salary

Enter the starting salary you realistically expect in your field after graduating.
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Safe Maximum Total Borrowing
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Keeping total debt at or below one year's salary keeps payments manageable (~10% of income).
Monthly Payment at That Level
$0
Share of Monthly Income
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Check Your Plan

Thinking of borrowing a specific amount? Enter it to see if it's within a safe range.
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Borrowing Wisely

The one-year-salary rule. If your total student debt at graduation is under your expected first-year salary, you can typically repay it on the standard 10-year plan with payments around 8–12% of your income — a manageable share. Borrow much more, and payments can crowd out rent, savings, and living costs.
Keep payments under ~10–15% of income. That's the widely-cited affordability ceiling. Above it, student loans start to strain your budget and delay other goals (a car, a home, retirement savings).
This is a ceiling, not a target. Borrowing less is always better. Exhaust free money first — grants, scholarships, work, and savings — and treat loans as the last and smallest piece. See our Net Price, Award Letter, and College Savings tools.

A rule-of-thumb estimate assuming a standard 10-year repayment. Individual circumstances, fields, and salaries vary; income-driven repayment plans work differently. See the K12 Academics Paying for College and Post–High School Paths toolkits.